civil services chronicle

civil services chronicle 

civil services chronicle Published this article page no  29 Strategies to prepare the higher education sector for the evolving demand–supply trends across the globe— particularly those related to the global mobility of students and faculty and improving the quality of and demand for higher studies in India. Measures are required to mitigate the longterm effects of the pandemic on job offers internship programs and research projects.  Courses on Indian traditional knowledge systems in the fields of yoga Indian medicines architecture agriculture etc. should be integrated with the mainstream university education to promote scientific innovations values and to develop sustainable solutions. GLOBAL NUTRITION REPORT 2020 (GNR) Why in news? According to the Global Nutrition Report 2020 India is among 88 countries that are likely to miss global nutrition targets by 2025. Key findings of the report  Inequity in Global Nutrition Report reveals strong evidence for the presence of nutrition inequities in health systems food systems and financing and inequalities in all forms of malnutrition. o Reasons for inequity Social injustice Unfairnesssuboptimal access to life chances (education health etc.) Political exclusion and Imbalances in Power (less representation to marginalised sections).  Inequalities in Global Burden of Malnutrition Among children under 5 years of age 149.0 million are stunted 49.5 million are wasted and 40.1 million are overweight. o There exists a double burden of malnutrition characterised by coexistence of undernutrition alongside overweight or obesity. o The largest disparities in stunting were observed in Nigeria Indonesia and India. o No country is on course to meet 2025 global nutrition targets including four dietrelated noncommunicable disease indicators in adults salt intake raised blood pressure diabetes and obesity civil services chronicle buy. 

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meri saheli magazine

meri saheli magazine

meri saheli magazine  Published this article page no  24 The fourth meeting of the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC4) was held in New York to conclude a draft of the instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine Biological diversity in areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ).  The IGC4 is convened under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). About BBNJ Treaty  The BBNJ Treaty also known as the Treaty of the High Seas is an international agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction currently under negotiation at the United Nations.  This new instrument is being developed within the framework of the UNCLOS the main international agreement governing human activities at sea.  It will achieve a more holistic management of high seas activities which should better balance the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources.  BBNJ encompasses the high seas beyond the exclusive economic zones or national waters of countries. Significance    According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) these areas account for almost half of the Earths surface.  These areas are hardly regulated and also least understood or explored for its biodiversity – only 1% of these areas are under protection. The negotiated agreement has five aspects 1. Environmental impact assessments for activities taken up on high seas. 2. Conservation of marine genetic resources. 3. Capacity building. 4. Technology transfer. 5. Crosscutting issues such as institutional structure and financial support meri saheli magazine buy.

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competition refresher magazine subscription

competition refresher magazine subscription

competition refresher magazine subscription  Published this article page no  56 Article 355 Context Congress party in West Bengal has demanded that the law and order situation in West Bengal is completely broken and Article 355 should be invoked to ensure the State is governed as per the provisions of the Constitution. Whats the issue? On 21st March 2022 there was a violent fight between two groups of the ruling party in Bogtui village in Birbhum district.The Deputy Pradhan Shri Bhadu Sheikh was killed and in retaliation houses in the area were attacked and set on fire resulting in 12 deaths including that of women and children. All the members belong to the minority community. What is Article 355? Article 355 refers to the provision in the Constitution that states that It shall be the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. There are several angles to the second part of this duty – to ensure that the Government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. 1. The law & order angle The public order and police are state subjects and states have exclusive power to legislate on these matters. 2. Alleged justification of emergency Although this article has been seldom used it is seen as an instrument to justify imposition of emergency under articles 352 and 356. While article 352 empowers the centre to impose emergency when an armed rebellion occurs such proclamation cannot be for internal disturbance – thus said SC in SR Bommai Case.So the Supreme Court interpretation was that article 355 itself does not give power to the centre to impose emergency because mere internal disturbance short of armed rebellion cannot justify a proclamation of emergency under Art. 352 nor can such disturbance justify issuance of proclamation under Art competition refresher magazine subscription buy. 

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competition refresher magazine subscription

competition refresher magazine subscription Published this article page no  55 Suitable changes in recruitment processes — allowing scribes during written tests or sign language interpreters during interviews — will also be a form of accommodation. Significance The provision of reasonable accommodation plays a major role in addressing these barriers and thus contributes to greater workplace equality diversity and inclusion. What is the legal position on this in India? In India the Rights of People with Disabilities Act 2016 defines reasonable accommodation as necessary and appropriate modification and adjustments without imposing a disproportionate or undue burden in a particular case to ensure to persons with disabilities the enjoyment or exercise of rights equally with others. Insta Curious Article 2 of the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UNCRPD) defines reasonable accommodation as necessary and appropriate modification and adjustments not imposing a disproportionate or undue burden where needed in a particular case to ensure to persons with disabilities the enjoyment or exercise on an equal basis with others of all human rights and fundamental freedoms. Relevant Supreme Court judgements In Jeeja Ghosh and Another v. Union of India and Others (2016) the Supreme Court observed Equality not only implies preventing discrimination but goes beyond in remedying discrimination against groups suffering  30 systematic discrimination in society. In concrete terms it means embracing the notion of positive rights affirmative action and reasonable accommodation. Vikash Kumar v. UPSC (2021) This was a case in which the court allowed the use of a scribe in the Union Public Service Commission examination for a candidate with dysgraphia or writers cramp. The court ruled that benchmark disability that is a specified disability to the extent of 40% is related only to special reservation for the disabled in employment but it need not be a restriction for other kinds of accommodation. It also said failure to provide reasonable accommodation amounts to discrimination competition refresher magazine subscription buy.

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general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription  Published this article page no  91 22. Who are Houthis? Houthis are an armed rebel group belonging to the Zaidi Shia sect fighting against the government of Yemen. Traditionally the Houthis have been concentrated in the northwestern Saada Province of Yemen. 23. SLINEX  The Ninth Edition of India  Sri Lanka Bilateral Maritime Exercise SLINEX (Sri Lanka–India Naval Exercise) is being conducted at Visakhapatnam.  It aims to enhance interoperability improve mutual understanding and exchange best practices and procedures for multifaceted maritime operations between both navies. Do you know about the other Exercises between India and Sri Lanka? 1. Exercise MITRA SHAKTI (Military Exercise). 2. Dosti Trilateral Exercise (Coast guard India Maldives and Sri Lanka). . Startup Village Entrepreneurship Programme (SVEP) Implemented by Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana –National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAYNRLM) Ministry of Rural Development as a subscheme since 2016. Focus of the scheme Providing selfemployment opportunities with financial assistance and training in business management and soft skills while creating local community cadres for promotion of enterprises.  Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII) Ahmedabad is the technical support partner of SVEP.  SVEP promotes both individual and group enterprises setup and promote enterprises majorly on manufacturing trading and service sectors. Who are community resource persons – enterprise promotion? The programme seeks to develop pool of community resource persons – enterprise promotion (CRPEP) who are local and support entrepreneurs settingup rural enterprises.  The CRPEPs are certified and provides business support services to the entrepreneurs. Why in News? The Union Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) and the National Institute of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIESBUD) have signed a memorandum understanding (MoU) to develop a sustainable model for promoting entrepreneurship at the grass roots by initiating the startup village entrepreneurship programme (SVEP) general knowledge refresher magazine subscription buy.

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pratiyogita darpan english yearly subscription

pratiyogita darpan english yearly subscription

pratiyogita darpan english yearly subscription Published this article page no  82 PNotes are Offshore Derivative Investments (ODIs) with equity shares or debt securities as underlying assets.  They provide liquidity to the investors as they can transfer the ownership by endorsement and delivery.  While the FIIs have to report all such investments each quarter to SEBI they need not disclose the identity of the actual investors.  181 6. Suez Canal  The Suez Canal is an artificial sealevel waterway running north to south across the Isthmus of Suez in Egypt to connect the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.  The canal separates the African continent from Asia.  It provides the shortest maritime route between Europe and the lands lying around the Indian and western Pacific oceans.  It is one of the worlds most heavily used shipping lanes carrying over 12% of world trade by volume. Why in the News? Cashstrapped Egypt has increased transit fees for ships passing through the Suez Canal with hikes of up to 10%. 7. Indias First Dugong Reserve in Palk Bay  pratiyogita darpan english yearly subscription buy.

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pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi Published this article page no   107 Exchange Rate Management through occasional RBI intervention to curb excessive volatility Generate Investors Confidence through ability to finance Indias Current Account Deficit and minimize the impact of just above Junk Category rating and net negative international investment position of  12.9% of GDP Help emerge as Regional Leader through increased ability to open currency swap lines for others (e.g. SAARC nations as done in 2012 through currency swap mechanism) Liquidity against domestic and global Economic Risks like High banking NPAs corporate bond market crisis due to IL&FS payment default or the Covid19 related uncertainties Cushion against monetary stimulus withdrawal for US Fed in near future avoiding external sector crisis with over 10% currency fluctuation as happened earlier Arguments against maintaining High Forex Reserves At above US$600 billion Forex reserves are higher than our external debt obligations and enough to cover more than 15 months of our projected 202122 imports Low returns on Forex reserves usually around 1% or less due to near zero interest rates in advanced economies Large infrastructure financing needs of India to meet development aspirations and utilize young demography. Risks of High opportunity and fiscal costs of sterilization of liquidity i.e. unused excessive cash despite development needs poverty and large youth population Shows lack of confidence from government on its economy resilience soundness of macroeconomic management and its measures to raise capital or exports.  KEY CONCEPTS AND INFORMATION ON BANKING AND MONETARY POLICY NonPerforming Asset When a loan whose principal or interest payment is overdue for less than 90 days it comes under the purview of Special Mention Accounts (SMA). It is a loan or advance for which the principal or interest payment remains overdue for a period of 90 days. Banks are required to classify NPAs further into Substandard Doubtful and Loss assets. o Substandard assets Assets which have remained NPA for a period less than or equal to 12 months. o Doubtful assets Assets which have remained in the substandard category for a period of 12 months o Loss assets It is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted although there may be some salvage or recovery value pratiyogita darpan hindi buy.  

pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi 

pratiyogita darpan hindi Published this article page no   108 Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) It governs the capital that a bank ought to hold as a percentage of its total assets. CAR is also known as Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR). Leverage ratio It shows how much a lender has stretched itself in borrowing funds to generate income. The more the leverage the riskier the turf on which the lender stands. Return on assets (RoA) It measures profitability derived from net income (profit) as a percentage of total assets. Haircut Haircut refers to the lowerthanmarket value placed on an asset being used as collateral for a loan. Colending Colending or coorigination is a setup where banks and nonbanks enter into an arrangement for the joint contribution of credit for priority sector lending. Provisioning coverage ratio (PCR) PCR is ratio of provisioning to gross nonperforming assets and indicates the extent of funds a bank has kept aside to cover loan losses Platform for Regulated Entities for Integrated Supervision and Monitoring (PRISM) PRISM is a webbased endtoend workflow automation system from RBI to strengthen compliance by supervised entities (SEs) including banks and nonbanking financial companies. PRISM includes functionalities (inspection compliance incident functionality for cyber security complaints and returns functionalities) with builtin remediation workflows time tracking notifications and alerts management information system (MIS) reports and dashboards pratiyogita darpan hindi buy.

pratiyogita darpan hindi 

pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi

pratiyogita darpan hindi Published this article page no  Published this article page no   109 Regulatory Sandbox Regulatory Sandbox (RS) refers to live testing of new products or services in a controlledtest regulatory environment for which regulators may (or may not) permit certain regulatory relaxations for the limited purpose of the testing. o RS allows market participants to collect evidence on the benefits and risks of new financial innovations while carefully monitoring and containing their risks. Objective of the RS is to foster responsible innovation in financial services promote efficiency and bring benefit to consumers. Consumer Confidence Survey (CCS) It is conducted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). CCS seeks qualitative responses from households regarding their sentiments on the general economic situation employment scenario price level households income and spending which provides useful inputs for monetary policy. Inflation Expectations Survey of Households (IESH) Recently the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced the launch of the next round of IESH to capture inflation expectations and consumer confidence which provide useful inputs for its monetary policy. The survey aims at capturing subjective assessments on price movements and inflation of about 6000 households based on their individual consumption baskets across 18 cities. The survey seeks quantitative as well as qualitative responses from households. PAYMENT SYSTEMS AND FINANCIAL MARKETS 3.1. PAYMENT SYSTEMS 3.1.1. MICROFINANCE REGULATIONS Why in news? The RBI has proposed a new regulatory regime for microfinance with uniform set of guidelines for all lenders. About Microfinance Microfinance is a banking service provided to unemployed or lowincome individuals or groups to help them to work their way out of poverty by undertaking income generating activities pratiyogita darpan hindi buy.

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